FastAPI RBAC: Using OAuth2 Scopes for Permissions
Treat OAuth2 scopes as a list of permissions. Instead of checking a user's role, you check if their token has the required scope (e.g., `items:write`) for an endpoint. FastAPI's Security dependency automates this check.
Think of OAuth2 scopes as granular permissions, not just broad roles. A user's JWT contains a list of granted capabilities, like `items:read` or `users:delete`. In FastAPI, you declare scopes and then use a `Security` dependency on endpoints to require them. FastAPI automatically rejects users whose tokens lack the necessary scope. The biggest mistake is validating a token but failing to check if it contains the specific scopes required for that operation.
Read the original → fastapi.tiangolo.com
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