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iOS & Swift1 min read

Diagnose dropped frames during animation

Use Core Animation and color-debug options to spot off-screen passes, blending, and overdraw; cache, flatten, and set shadowPath.

iOS & Swift1 min read

Allow simultaneous pan and pinch gestures

Attach pan and pinch recognizers, set yourself as delegate, return true from shouldRecognizeSimultaneouslyWith, apply translation to center and scale to transform.

iOS & Swift1 min read

Build a custom circular progress bar in UIKit

Draw an arc with UIBezierPath, assign it to a CAShapeLayer path, set lineWidth and no fill, animate strokeEnd 0 to 1.

iOS & Swift1 min read

Difference between frame, bounds, and center

Frame and center are in the superview's space; bounds is the view's own space, usually origin zero. A non-identity transform makes frame undefined to read.

iOS & Swift1 min read

Add shadow and rounded corners to a UIView

CornerRadius needs masksToBounds true, but that clips the shadow; set shadowPath to keep both and stay performant.

iOS & Swift1 min read

Implicit .animation() vs explicit withAnimation

.animation(value:) animates a view when a tracked value changes; withAnimation wraps the state mutation so all dependent views animate.

iOS & Swift1 min read

What is an actor and how does it prevent data races

Actors serialize access to mutable state, reachable only via await; compiler blocks unsafe access. Token-refresh actor coalesces concurrent refreshes.

iOS & Swift1 min read

How task cancellation works with async/await

Cancellation is a flag, not a kill; check Task.isCancelled or call checkCancellation, URLSession throws CancellationError automatically.

iOS & Swift1 min read

Add a default header to every URLSession request

Set httpAdditionalHeaders on a URLSessionConfiguration, build the session from it, mention per-request overrides win.

iOS & Swift1 min read

What is @MainActor and why does it matter?

@MainActor is a global actor guaranteeing code runs on the main thread; annotate UI-updating types or methods so post-network state changes are main-thread safe.

iOS & Swift2 min read

Run two API calls concurrently with async let

Use async let to start two independent fetches that run concurrently, then await both, so total time approaches the slower call rather than the sum.

iOS & Swift2 min read

URLSession data vs download vs upload tasks

Data tasks buffer responses in memory for small API calls; download tasks stream to a file and support background transfers for large files; upload tasks send bodies from data or files and report…

iOS & Swift1 min read

Map JSON keys to differently named Codable properties

Declare a nested CodingKeys enum mapping userID to the raw value "user_id", or set the decoder's keyDecodingStrategy to convertFromSnakeCase for blanket conversion.

iOS & Swift1 min read

Fetch and decode JSON with async/await and URLSession

Call URLSession.shared.data(from:) inside an async throws function, check the HTTPURLResponse status, then JSONDecoder().decode([User].self) and let errors propagate via try.

iOS & Swift2 min read

Design offline-first sync and conflict resolution

Queue local mutations with timestamps and sync state, push and pull deltas using a change token or updatedAt cursor, and resolve conflicts with a chosen policy like last-write-wins or field-level merge.

iOS & Swift2 min read

Bulk-import large JSON into Core Data efficiently

Use NSBatchInsertRequest to write rows directly to the store, bypassing context object materialization, for huge memory and speed wins; limitation is it skips validation, relationships, and does not notify…

iOS & Swift1 min read

Optimize a slow NSFetchedResultsController screen

Set fetchBatchSize so rows load in pages, use relationshipKeyPathsForPrefetching to avoid per-row faulting round trips, and add indexes matching sort and predicate to make queries fast.

iOS & Swift1 min read

Why store auth tokens in Keychain, not UserDefaults?

UserDefaults is an unencrypted plist readable from backups and on jailbroken devices; use Keychain Services, which stores encrypted items with access control; save with SecItemAdd and read with…

iOS & Swift1 min read

Compare MVVM with unidirectional flow (TCA, Redux)

MVVM is lightweight with bidirectional binding and per-screen view models; unidirectional flow centralizes a single state mutated only by reducers via actions, gaining predictability and testability at…

iOS & Swift1 min read

Diagnose and fix slow iOS app launch time

Pre-main covers dylib loading, rebasing, and static initializers; main covers didFinishLaunching and first frame; profile with Instruments, then defer work, reduce dynamic libraries, and trim…