How do you split a Column 1/3 and 2/3 using Expanded?

WHAT THIS TESTS: This question tests whether you understand Flutter's flex layout model, specifically how Expanded allocates free space inside a Column. The interviewer wants to see that you know Expanded only works inside Flex descendants, that flex factors are integers defining proportional shares, and that the child is forced to fill the assigned space. They also care whether you can articulate why this approach is preferable to hardcoded sizes.

A GOOD ANSWER COVERS: A strong response hits four points in order. First, state that both children must be wrapped in Expanded widgets so the Column can distribute leftover vertical space between them. Second, assign flex values of 1 to the first container and 2 to the second container, because the Column divides space according to the ratio of each child's flex to the total flex sum. Third, clarify that Expanded forces each child to fill the space it is given, unlike Flexible which allows the child to remain smaller. Fourth, mention the ancestor constraint: Expanded must be inside a Row, Column, or Flex, and the path upward can only contain StatelessWidget or StatefulWidget ancestors.

COMMON WRONG ANSWERS: Red flags include proposing a fixed height like SizedBox with a hardcoded pixel value, using MediaQuery to calculate one third of screen height, or wrapping only one child in Expanded while leaving the other unwrapped. Another mistake is suggesting FractionallySizedBox; while it can produce a one third split, it does not use the Expanded mechanism the question explicitly asks for. Candidates who say flex should be 33 and 67 also reveal confusion, because flex factors are relative integers, not percentages.

LIKELY FOLLOW-UPS: The interviewer may ask what happens if you wrap only the first child in Expanded and leave the second as a normal widget, expecting you to say the second child takes only its intrinsic height and the first consumes all remaining space. They might also ask how Flexible differs from Expanded, in which case you should say Flexible lets the child shrink to its intrinsic size while Expanded forces it to fill the allocated space. A third follow-up could involve what happens when the Column is inside a ListView or an unbounded parent, breaking the space allocation entirely.

ONE CONCRETE EXAMPLE: You can describe a Column containing two Expanded widgets. The first Expanded has flex 1 and contains a Container with a red background. The second Expanded has flex 2 and contains a Container with a blue background. When the Column has 300 logical pixels of available vertical space, the red container receives 100 pixels and the blue container receives 200 pixels. If the user rotates the device and the available space becomes 600 pixels, the split automatically adjusts to 200 and 400 pixels without any rebuild logic or MediaQuery calculations.

Source: api.flutter.dev (Expanded class)