Advanced everything in Mobile Dev, page 5
How would you architect the app root for onboarding vs authenticated flows?
Tests window root swapping and state-driven architecture. Use a coordinator to own the window, swap rootViewController between nav and tab controllers on auth changes, and crossfade. Red flag: onboarding modal over tabs or keeping both hierarchies alive.
What NavigationView limitations did NavigationStack solve for programmatic navigation?
This tests why NavigationView programmatic navigation was brittle. A strong answer contrasts scattered NavigationLink isActive booleans and broken multi-destination stacks against NavigationStack's unified path array. A red flag is calling it a simple rename.
Outline the key steps and APIs for State Preservation and Restoration
Tests UIKit's automatic state restoration pipeline. Strong answers cover: opting in via AppDelegate, setting restorationIdentifiers, implementing encode/decodeRestorableStateWithCoder, and the system snapshot cycle.
How would you use Energy Log to investigate battery drain?
Tests correlating Instruments energy metrics to app behavior. Strong answers profile with Energy Log, map CPU/Location/Network spikes to user flows or background work, and validate fixes with before/after logs. Red flag: blaming the OS without evidence.
What build settings improve Time Profiler symbols in Release builds?
This tests debug symbol control in Xcode Release builds. Set DEBUG_INFORMATION_FORMAT to DWARF with dSYM, avoid stripping, citing larger size and slower links. Red flag: suggesting you disable optimizations, invalidating the performance profile.
How does Debug Memory Graph find leaks and retain cycles?
This tests knowledge of Xcode's heap visualization versus allocation sampling. A strong answer notes the graph shows objects, draws retain cycles as loops, and contrasts with Leaks time-based sampling. Red flag: expecting leak flags without inspection.
How does Swift async/await improve on completion handlers?
Tests structured concurrency mastery over callback control flow. A strong answer covers inversion of control, suspension points as yield locations, and Tasks as parent-child units.
Explain Copy-on-Write in Swift and implement it for custom structs
Tests value semantics with reference storage and uniqueness checks. A strong answer explains CoW delays copy until mutation via isKnownUniquelyReferenced, lists custom steps: wrap, read, check, clone. Red flag: assuming structs are automatically CoW.
Apple's Natural Language Framework
Apple's Natural Language Framework turns raw strings into structured meaning on-device without network calls. Tokenize queries or extract entities from user text locally. It is not infallible; heavy synchronous tagging on the main thread freezes your UI.
Result Builders: Declarative Swift DSLs
Result builders teach the compiler to fold expressions into one combined value, enabling declarative DSLs. SwiftUI relies on them to compose stacked views. Type errors surface on compiler-generated boilerplate instead of your original code.
What is Flutter tree shaking and how does it reduce app size?
Tests Dart AOT dead code elimination. Covers compile-time dead code removal, smaller binaries, faster startup, and practices like avoiding dart:mirrors and using const constructors. Red flag: confusing it with minification or runtime stripping.
When would you implement a CustomPainter and how does shouldRepaint work?
Use CustomPainter for charts; check fields in shouldRepaint to skip frames; pass Listenable to bypass build layout.
What is a Dart Isolate and how does it differ from threads?
Tests Dart's shared-nothing concurrency model. Define an isolate as an independent heap plus event loop, contrast it with shared-memory threads, and explain UI isolate communication via async message ports.
Debug iOS code signing failure in CI that works locally
This tests Xcode code signing and CI keychain isolation. A strong answer checks exportOptions.plist, keychain profile presence, runner OS and Xcode versions, and entitlements mismatches. Red flag: manual local fixes or ignoring keychain access gaps.
How do you diagnose and fix flaky Flutter widget tests?
Audit unawaited futures, swap pumpAndSettle for explicit pumps or mock timers, and reproduce with logs.
What is Pigeon and how does it improve platform channels?
This tests type-safe platform channels versus manual MethodChannel boilerplate. Answer: Pigeon is a dev-time code generator that creates typed host stubs from a Dart contract, removing string keys and encoding. Red flag: calling it a runtime library.
Present full-screen native SDK UI from Flutter and return a result
This tests platform channel architecture for full-screen native UI delegation. Use MethodChannel to launch the native controller, retain the async result callback, serialize the dismissal payload back to Dart, and avoid PlatformView for modal flows.
Implement staggered animations using a single AnimationController and Interval
This tests multiplexing one ticker into sequential animations. Use one AnimationController, map each Tween to an Interval on distinct 0-to-1 sub-ranges, and rebuild with AnimatedBuilder. Red flag: multiple controllers or manual forward chaining.
How do you safely add a non-nullable column in sqflite?
Tests onCreate for fresh installs vs onUpgrade for existing data. Outline: bump version; in onUpgrade use ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN NOT NULL DEFAULT for existing rows; keep onCreate as latest schema. Red flag: only changing onCreate so old users crash.
Why are stale search requests problematic and how do you cancel them?
This tests race conditions and resource waste in async UI. Strong answers note stale requests waste bandwidth and overwrite newer results; cancel the previous call with a CancelToken before issuing the next.
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