Interview questions in Cloud Platforms, page 7
Configure a Kubernetes Horizontal Pod Autoscaler
HPA adjusts replica count toward a target CPU metric, needs the metrics server and pod resource requests, and scales a deployment between min and max.
Strangler Fig with serverless and an event bus
API Gateway acts as the routing facade, new features run as Lambda functions, an event bus decouples and fans out to new services, and traffic shifts feature by feature until the monolith…
Optimize cost of a big-data analytics platform
Storage tiering and lifecycle plus compression and partitioning; compute via spot instances, right-sizing, and efficient file formats; query and pipeline optimization to scan less data.
Event bus versus message queue for triggers
A queue is point-to-point buffered work for one consumer group; an event bus routes and filters one event to many decoupled subscribers. Event bus wins when many independent services must react.
Design a multi-tenant model serving platform
Share infrastructure to cut cost while enforcing tenant data isolation, fair resource allocation against noisy neighbors, and per-tenant performance via quotas and autoscaling.
Difference between metrics and logs
Metrics are aggregated numeric time series good for trends and alerting; logs are discrete timestamped event records good for detailed root-cause analysis.
High availability versus fault tolerance
HA minimizes downtime via redundancy and failover; fault tolerance survives failure with zero interruption.
Blue/green versus canary deployments
Blue/green flips all traffic between two full environments; canary shifts a small slice gradually while watching metrics.
Diagnosing slow auto-scaled PaaS workloads
Application metrics like request latency, throughput, and DB query time; infrastructure metrics like CPU, memory, and scaling lag.
Migrating a stateful monolith to the cloud
Assess and inventory, pick a migration pattern like rehost or replatform, handle data migration and cutover, mitigate downtime and data-loss risk.
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